By Anthony H. Cordesman. It is all too tempting for the United States to focus on the current crisis over the clash between Iran and the Gulf states, and to ignore the lessons of the past. However, it is crucial to remember the events that led up to the Gulf War in 1990, particularly Iraq's invasion of Kuwait and the subsequent international response.
One of the primary reasons why the US and coalition troops intervened to stop Iraq's invasion of Kuwait was the vital role that Kuwait played in the United Nations. Kuwait was a key ally in the region and its support was crucial for the UN's operations in the Middle East. Without Kuwait's backing, the UN would have been severely weakened in its ability to address conflicts and maintain peace in the region.
Additionally, the world depended on Kuwait for oil. As one of the largest oil producers in the world, Kuwait's oil reserves were vital for the global economy. If Iraq had successfully taken control of Kuwait's oil fields, it would have had a significant impact on the world's oil supply, leading to economic instability and potentially higher oil prices for consumers worldwide.
Stopping Iraq's invasion of Kuwait was also seen as a way to remove Saddam Hussein from power. Hussein's aggressive actions and human rights abuses had drawn international condemnation, and many believed that his removal from power was necessary to bring stability to the region. By intervening in Kuwait, the US and coalition troops aimed to weaken Hussein's regime and eventually force him out of power.
Furthermore, stopping Iraq's invasion of Kuwait was essential for ensuring peace in the Middle East. The invasion threatened to destabilize the entire region, with the potential for further conflicts and power struggles among neighboring countries. By taking a stand against Iraq's aggression, the US and its allies hoped to send a message that such actions would not be tolerated and to prevent future conflicts in the region.
The decision to intervene in Kuwait was not taken lightly, as it involved significant risks and challenges. The US and coalition troops faced a well-equipped Iraqi military and the possibility of a prolonged and costly conflict. However, the importance of protecting Kuwait's sovereignty, ensuring the stability of the region, and addressing Hussein's aggressive behavior outweighed the potential risks.
In the end, the US and coalition forces were successful in driving Iraqi forces out of Kuwait and restoring the country's independence. The intervention demonstrated the importance of standing up against aggression and protecting the sovereignty of smaller nations in the face of larger threats.
Overall, the intervention in Kuwait served as a crucial moment in history, highlighting the importance of international cooperation, diplomacy, and military intervention in maintaining peace and stability in the Middle East. It also underscored the need for strong leadership and a united front against aggression and human rights abuses.
